What is arteriovenous malformation? Why does this condition remain silent for years?

Anantapur: A 47-year-old farmer from Kanekallu, Anantapur, has recovered after undergoing critical surgery for a rare brain arteriovenous malformation (AVM).

AVM is a vascular condition that affects roughly one in every one lakh individuals.

AVMs form when arteries connect directly to veins, bypassing the brain’s capillary system and creating dangerous pressure that can lead to rupture and bleeding.

Sudden Onset of Symptoms

The patient, Pakirappa, began experiencing sudden, severe headaches along with altered sensorium. Doctors later explained that such symptoms often appear without warning in individuals who may not know they have the condition.

“AVMs can be life-threatening if untreated, as the swollen veins are at constant risk of rupture, causing internal bleeding,” said Consultant Neurosurgeon Dr. C. Anil.

High-Risk Surgical Procedure

The AVM in this case was located close to areas of the brain that control speech and movement. “The malformation was located near vital areas controlling speech and movement, making the surgery particularly challenging,” Dr. Anil noted.

A six-hour operation was performed using advanced microsurgical techniques and real-time intraoperative monitoring to carefully remove the abnormal connection of blood vessels and restore normal blood flow.

Recovery and Outcome

Following surgery, Pakirappa quickly regained his speech and mobility. He was discharged five days later and returned to his daily activities independently.

“Many patients with AVMs may not realize they have the condition until sudden, severe symptoms appear. Early diagnosis and timely surgical intervention are critical in preventing life-threatening complications,” said Consultant Neurosurgeon Dr. Murali.

Specialised Care Now Accessible in Rayalaseema

The procedure was carried out at KIMS Saveera Hospital, Anantapur, by a neurosurgical team led by Dr. C. Anil and Dr. Murali. Until recently, patients in the region requiring complex neurosurgery had to travel to metropolitan cities such as Hyderabad or Bengaluru. The successful outcome highlights the availability of advanced brain and vascular treatment within Anantapur and the broader Rayalaseema region.

About AVMs

Arteriovenous malformations are usually congenital. They may remain silent for years until symptoms like headache, seizures, neurological deficits, or bleeding appear. Timely evaluation through imaging is crucial for early detection.